Under what circumstances is a footing required?

Footings are crucial components of construction that provide structural support by distributing the weight of a building to prevent settling or shifting. The correct answer emphasizes that footings are necessary not only under columns but also under walls, pilasters, columns, piers, fireplaces, and chimneys. This requirement ensures that all significant load-bearing elements of a structure are adequately supported, which is essential for the overall stability and durability of the building.

In residential construction, walls are often load-bearing and can carry substantial weight, while additional structures like chimneys and fireplaces also exert significant forces on the foundation. By incorporating footings in these areas, the risk of structural failure is minimized, leading to safer and more resilient buildings. This comprehensive approach reflects best practices in construction to ensure that all parts of a structure are well-supported, rather than selectively adding footings only in certain areas.